VietAlpha A research lab for Vietnam's mathematical record

About VietAlpha

VietAlpha is a research lab working on Vietnam's mathematical record. This body of work is the written trace of how mathematics has been done and taught in Vietnam, from its oldest surviving texts to the current national curriculum set by the Ministry of Education and Training (MoET). By digitizing these materials and studying their history, we can apply what we learn to modern tutoring technology.

This page provides the full details of our work. It covers our purpose and mission, the documents themselves, our engineering and historical work, the transition from an exam-prep project to a research lab, and the team behind it.

Our purpose and mission.

Our purpose and mission are distinct. The purpose is why VietAlpha exists:

Mathematics in Vietnam has a long tradition and a short digital record. From its oldest surviving texts to the modern national curriculum, most of that work lives on paper, and little of it has been examined as a history of mathematics in its own right. VietAlpha exists to bring the tradition into digital form and to study it: how mathematics was written and taught in Vietnam across the centuries. What that study uncovers should feed the technology that teaches mathematics today.

The mission defines what the lab does today. We expect to revise it as the work grows:

VietAlpha is a research lab that works on Vietnam's mathematical record, from its oldest surviving texts to the current MoET curriculum and national exam bank. It digitizes these materials and publishes them as open, verified datasets. It studies them as history of mathematics: how problems and methods developed in Vietnam over time. And it applies both strands to modern technology. Its first application, LumiToán, puts the digitized record in students' hands as a free public library, with an AI tutor fine-tuned on that same record. More than 10,000 students use it each month.

Everything we have shipped covers the modern curriculum. The historical texts are next, and we are selecting our first project now.

Vietnam's mathematical record.

These materials divide into two collections.

The historical collection is small, consisting of a few dozen treatises in Hán and Nôm script. These printings and undated manuscript copies are held in Hanoi's libraries and archives. Their subject is the practical mathematics of running a country: abacus arithmetic, land measurement, tax computation, and currency conversion. Almost none of these texts are digitized, and only a handful have been studied as the history of Vietnamese mathematics. Most of what they say about how mathematics developed in Vietnam remains unread.

The modern collection is large and current: the MoET curriculum, its textbooks, the national exam question bank, and the exam papers and study guides written around them. It is preserved, but these materials are difficult to use because they circulate as scanned paper.

The historical collection will not be digitized without intervention. Preservation has run on foreign grants, and the libraries holding these texts lack the technology and funding to digitize their collections. This gap is why we exist.

Our workflow in pipeline order.

The work has three parts: digitizing the texts, studying them, and applying what we find. The order matters because each stage feeds the next.

Digitization comes first because everything else depends on it. Because generic document parsers corrupt math syntax, we design new algorithms specifically for Vietnamese math. Our parser, Cadmus, uses a dual-view normalization-chunking segmenter to isolate math symbols for encoding while preserving 100% of mathematical tokens in the output. We benchmark these pipelines against standard baselines to guarantee data integrity before publishing the results as open datasets. We built Cadmus for the modern curriculum. Adapting it to historical manuscripts, with their distinct scripts and layouts, is our main engineering challenge.

The second part is studying these digitized texts. We analyze them to see how Vietnamese mathematical problems developed and how historical calculations compare with modern lessons. Almost no one else works on this: a few scholars, working outside Vietnam, have studied individual treatises, and the history of Vietnamese mathematics remains a nearly empty field. That is a strange place for a student lab, but it means a small team digitizing these texts builds the foundation for everyone who follows.

The third part is applying these digitized materials to technology. Our first tool is LumiToán, a free public library of the modern curriculum that contains Lumi, an AI tutor fine-tuned on our dataset. More than 10,000 students use LumiToán each month. This usage improves the database: every lesson runs on digitized materials, and student corrections return to the dataset.

The work forms a loop: the record becomes the dataset, the dataset trains the model, the model runs in the classroom, and student corrections return to the record. Every tool we build draws on this record. This makes each new tool cheaper to build and more reliable. This is the difference between VietAlpha and products that simply wrap external models: our model is built on a record we digitized and structured ourselves using custom, benchmarked segmenter algorithms.

What it means to study Vietnamese mathematics as history.

When we say VietAlpha studies Vietnam's mathematical history, we mean the history of Vietnamese mathematics: a research discipline that reads Vietnamese mathematical texts as historical evidence. A historian of Vietnamese mathematics reads an old arithmetic book the way other historians read a chronicle. The questions are concrete. Who wrote this, when, and using what sources? How did its methods work, step by step? Who used them, and on what problems? What was adapted from neighboring traditions, and what did Vietnamese scholars change?

Answering those questions is what "analysis" means in our mission. We take a digitized treatise and reconstruct its methods until we can reconstruct them exactly as their original readers used them: the sequence of abacus moves behind a tax computation, the steps a surveyor took to measure an irregular field. We trace where a method came from and how it was adapted on arrival. We set the historical solution beside the modern lesson that teaches the same idea and ask what changed, and why. Then we write the results down in forms others can verify and reuse: annotated editions, translations, research notes, and dataset entries.

We think this work matters now, and not as nostalgia.

The first is survival. The historical collection exists on paper in only a few libraries, and paper does not wait. A digitized text published in an open dataset cannot be lost to fire, flood, or neglect. A studied text cannot be lost to illegibility once we record how to read it. Preservation saves the book. Study saves the mathematics.

The second is that the history of mathematics, as a field, says nothing about Vietnam. Vietnam is absent from the global story of the subject, which scholars wrote from the records they could read. Absence of study is not evidence that nothing happened: a country that ran its administration and its examinations on arithmetic for centuries has a mathematical past. The only way to learn what that past holds is to read it, and reading it starts with digitizing it.

The third is teaching. The surviving texts show how mathematics was explained to Vietnamese learners, in their own terms, centuries before schools adopted foreign textbooks. We expect this material to yield problems, methods, and approaches that belong to the tradition students already stand in. We do not yet know how much of it will transfer to modern lessons; our initial analyses should tell us.

The fourth is technology. A scan is only a picture, and a model cannot learn Vietnamese math from a picture. Analysis turns digitized pages into structured knowledge: problems paired with solutions, methods broken into steps, and terms mapped to meanings. We design new algorithms specifically for Vietnamese math to perform this translation, using benchmarks to verify that our parsing and chunking steps lose no mathematical syntax. Lumi shows that this structured, benchmarked material becomes teaching capability. This applies to the historical collection too: studying the texts is what makes them buildable.

We must state one boundary. A few scholars, working outside Vietnam, have studied individual treatises, and our work covers the modern curriculum. No systematic digitization or study exists, and we are stepping into that opening. An empty field is a strange place for a student lab. But it means a team digitizing these texts builds the foundation for everyone who follows.

We believe Vietnamese students should be able to read their country's mathematical past. That is why everything this work produces (editions, translations, and datasets) will be open.

Where we started.

VietAlpha began with a price.

In Vietnam, premium tutoring for a single exam subject costs 7.2 million VND a month. The average rural income is 4.5 million VND (external source) a month. A month of tutoring costs more than a month's income. This divide widens: the wealthiest families spend ten times more (external source) than the poorest on tutoring. In a system where national exams decide a student's path, exam preparation is priced admission.

7.2M VND

Premium tutoring, one exam subject, one month

4.5M VND

Average rural income, one month

Building a free alternative required data. No digital math dataset existed for the Vietnamese curriculum, leaving nothing to train a model on. We built the pieces in order: Cadmus parsed scanned papers to produce the first math reasoning dataset built to MoET standards. From that dataset, we built LumiToán. The work won first prize in the Edtech category of the ICIA National Youth Innovation Award.

Why we reorganized as a lab.

Building LumiToán taught us where the scarcity lay. Building models was not the barrier: compute is rentable, and standard language models improve each quarter. The barrier was that existing algorithms failed on Vietnamese math, shredding logical problem units and discarding math markup. We realized we needed both clean data and new algorithms designed for Vietnamese math. The foundation under every tool we build is the record itself, and no one was digitizing, benchmarking, or studying it.

So VietAlpha reorganized as a research lab. Our original mission remains: we began as an answer to the cost of tutoring, and we still provide free, curriculum-aligned math help to students. What changed is the focus. We now design custom segmenters and normalization algorithms to parse Vietnamese math, benchmark their accuracy, and digitize the texts first so every tool can draw from them. Free access is what the work produces; the record and the algorithms to read it are what the work is about.

We publish research and engineering notes as they happen, on the research and news pages. We release our datasets openly, so anyone building for Vietnamese students can start from verified data instead of scanned paper. We treat LumiToán as the first application of our work, not the entire project: it is proof that the loop works, not its conclusion. The historical program is our newest work and the reason we reorganized. It is a part of the record that a product roadmap would not reach.

Our ongoing commitments.

Three commitments remain unchanged.

  • First, our materials follow the MoET curriculum, because that is what national exams test.

  • Second, LumiToán stays free for students who cannot afford tutoring.

  • Finally, we remain part of the CS Inspiration network, alongside the programs we grew up with.

The video below is how VietAlpha introduced itself in the equity era. We keep it here as part of our history.

VietAlpha as it introduced itself in the equity era. If the player does not load, watch the video on Canva (external site).

Our place in the CS Inspiration network.

VietAlpha is a research lab of CS Inspiration, conducted in association with Deerfield Academy.

CS Inspiration is a network of education programs run by students. VietAlpha is its research arm. The lab receives cloud support from Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure. We work with institutional partners in Vietnam and the United States, including the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the UEH Institute of Innovation, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, and Deerfield Academy.

  • Maths4Threads

    Student network · 45,000+ learners across 75 countries

    A platform linking math practice to clothing donations for those in need.

  • Numbers to Networks

    School programs · Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia

    Inquiry-based math delivered in schools in partnership with regional Departments of Education.

  • VietAlpha

    Research lab

    The network's research lab digitizes mathematical texts to publish open datasets and build free tools like LumiToán.

  • Impact Fund

    Alumni · $75,000 in student-managed capital

    Supporting scholarships and seed funding for student ventures.

The team behind the lab.

VietAlpha is student-run and small.

  • Quang (Harry) Tran

    Quang (Harry) Tran

    Founder and Lead Technical Developer · Deerfield Academy, Class of 2028

    Founded VietAlpha and leads development of Cadmus, the datasets, and the Lumi model.

  • Quan (Tony) Tran

    Quan (Tony) Tran

    Field Operations · Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Runs our field operations in Vietnam.

Where our work is published.

Find our research at /research and announcements on News. LumiToán is at lumitoan.com (external site). For everything else, contact harry@csinspiration.org.

The rest of the record is the work ahead.